Screening and Validation of Early Diagnostic Biomarkers for Cancer Based on Proteomics
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DOI: 10.25236/icetmr.2024.012
Corresponding Author
Jieyu Chen
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases among global health issues, and early diagnosis is key to improving cancer cure rates and patient survival rates. With the rapid development of proteomics technology, the screening of early diagnostic biomarkers for cancer-based on proteomics has become a hot topic in the scientific research field. Proteomics systematically studies protein expression, function, and regulatory mechanisms through high-throughput technological means, providing the possibility of discovering proteins closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. This article reviews the screening process of early diagnostic biomarkers for cancer based on proteomics, including sample preparation, protein extraction, high-throughput protein mass spectrometry analysis, and bioinformatics processing, as well as subsequent validation of biomarker phenological selection. The application of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in proteomics research and the technical support provided for searching potential biomarkers were highlighted. In the process of screening and validating biomarkers, there are challenges such as sample heterogeneity, data processing complexity, and validation experiments. Analyzed how to address these challenges through multi-center collaboration, rigorously designed prospective studies, and validation using independent cohorts. The limitations of existing research methods were discussed, and the future development trends of proteomics in screening early diagnostic biomarkers for cancer were discussed.
Keywords
Proteomics; Early diagnosis of cancer; Biomarkers; Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology; Data processing