Author(s)

Xianming Yang

Corresponding Author

Xianming Yang

Abstract

Earthworm composting of urban greening waste leaves is employed to achieve resourceful treatment and enhance the efficiency of urban waste management. In this study, we leveraged the controlled variable method test to identify the optimal proportions of leaves and soil, along with the ideal quantity of earthworms for vermicomposting. The selected materials were fermented for eight weeks, followed by composting, and the resulting soil was analyzed using nine indicators, including quick N, P, K, full K, full N, EC, and pH. The indicators of 20 batches were compared to derive the optimal composting conditions. According to our results, the most effective composting was achieved with 50 earthworms and a leaf-to-soil ratio of 7:3. During the testing process, we encountered challenges such as long data monitoring periods, high testing costs, difficulties in collecting the compost’s organic liquid, and earthworm escape. To counter these problems, we developed a vermicomposting prototype based on sensor technology, 3D modelling, and Python programming. This prototype, equipped with water pumps, light sensors, soil integrated sensors, and a master controller, enabled spatial isolation of earthworm composting, enhanced the collection of organic liquids, and prevented earthworm escape. Additionally, it facilitated real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, and pH, ensuring rapid and accurate detection of potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen, and other organic substances. This groundwork paves the way for the future construction of large-scale vermicomposting pond management, operation, and maintenance.

Keywords

earthworm composting, resourceful treatment, greening waste, composting prototype machine