Author(s)

Ziyi Li

Corresponding Author

Ziyi Li

Abstract

Industrial wastewater is difficult to treat due to its complex composition. Conventional wastewater treatment methodologies are plagued by two primary issues: low efficiency and high cost. The microbial community degrades pollutants through metabolism, and its structural optimization is crucial to improve treatment efficiency and enhance system stability. In this paper, the diversity, dominance, and dynamic adaptability of microbial communities in industrial wastewater treatment are analyzed, and the effects of wastewater characteristics and process conditions on community structure are discussed. Additionally, it delineates an optimization strategy predicated on environmental regulation of nutrition, physical and chemical parameters, hydraulic conditions, and bioaugmentation functional flora screening, stress-tolerant flora domestication, and efficient strain enrichment. Finally, this study highlights issues in the current applications, such as instability, high costs, and ecological risks. It also explores future development directions that integrate bioinformatics and intelligent regulation, providing a reference for optimizing industrial wastewater biological treatment technology.

Keywords

Microbial community; Industrial wastewater treatment; Microorganisms; Optimization strategy